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Fingerprinting of Quartzitic Outcrops at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
| Description: | The African Early Stone Age record, including that of Olduvai Gorge, reveals widespread evidence for hominin exploitation of quartzose lithic raw materials such as quartzite. However, few studies have sought to characterize these rock types grounded on the assumption that they are not amenable for provenance studies. Through the use of macroscopic, petrographic, and EDXRF analysis, we characterize source material from five quartzitic outcrops belonging to the Mozambique Belt adjacent to Olduvai Gorge. Our results show that certain macroscopic varieties strictly occur at some outcrops while petrographic analyses reveal that accessory minerals may be outcrop-specific pending a greater sample size. Statistical interrogation of the geochemical data through linear correlations, ANOVA tests, and PCA, show that there are inter- and intra-outcrop differences, and elemental concentrations characteristic of certain outcrops. This multi-scalar approach provides a reproducible classificatory framework for future characterization studies and archaeological testing at Olduvai Gorge to shed light on hominin palaeoenvironmental exploitation and palaeoecological behavior. |
| Authors: | Soto, María; University of Calgary;  0000-0003-4154-5384Favreau, Julien; University of Calgary Campeau, Kathryn; University of Toronto; McMaster University Carter, Tristan; McMaster University Abtosway, Matthew; University of Calgary Bushozi, Pastory M.; University of Dar es Salaam Clarke, Siobhan; University of Calgary; 0000-0003-3489-6338Durkin, Paul R.; University of Manitoba Hubbard, Stephen M.; University of Calgary Inwood, Jamie; University of Calgary; 0000-0003-3980-5730Itambu, Makarius; University of Calgary; University of Dar es Salaam Larter, Fergus; University of Calgary Lee, Patrick; University of Calgary; University of Toronto Mwambwiga, Aloyce; University of Calgary; Arusha National Natural History Museum Nair, Rajeev; University of Calgary Patalano, Robert; University of Calgary Tucker, Laura; University of Calgary Mercader, Julio; University of Calgary; 0000-0002-5637-7937 |
| Keywords: | Petrography X-Ray Fluorescence Quartzite Lithic Raw Materials Provenance Courcing Olduvai Gorge |
| Field of Research: | History, archaeology and related studies > Archaeology > Prehistoric archaeology
Earth and related environmental sciences > Geology > Mineralogy and crystallography (except soil mineralogy and chemicals aspects of crystallography)
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| Publication Date: | 2019-04-17 |
| Publisher: | Federated Research Data Repository / dépôt fédéré de données de recherche |
| Funder: | Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) |
| URI: | https://doi.org/10.20383/101.0150 |
| Related Identifiers: |
This dataset is cited by
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| Geographic Coverage: | Place Name Olduvai Gorge Country Tanzania |
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Access to this dataset is subject to the following terms:
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Citation
Soto, M., Favreau, J., Campeau, K., Carter, T., Abtosway, M., Bushozi, P., Clarke, S., Durkin, P., Hubbard, S., Inwood, J., Itambu, M., Larter, F., Lee, P., Mwambwiga, A., Nair, R., Patalano, R., Tucker, L., Mercader, J. (2019). Fingerprinting of Quartzitic Outcrops at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. Federated Research Data Repository. https://doi.org/10.20383/101.0150
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